240例住院患者痰液分离菌的回顾性分析

A retrospective analysis of bacterial isolates from sputum of 240 cases in patients

目的了解我院住院患者痰液分离菌种类,探讨有效预防和控制呼吸道感染的措施。方法对我院2005年1～12月住院患者所发生的240例住院感染细菌进行回顾性分析。结果痰液的病原菌主要有大肠埃希菌、白假丝酵母、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等;除大肠埃希菌的检出率(23．94％)较高外,真菌也有较高的检出率(22．54％);真菌已成为基层医院呼吸道感染的重要致病菌。结论加强基层医院医务人员医院感染管理知识的培训,高度重视病原学监测,合理使用抗生素是当前预防基层医院呼吸道真菌感染的关键。

Objective To investigate the specei of bacteria in sputum among inpatients, and suggest measures to prevent and control infectiona.Methods A retrospective survey of sputum from 240 inpatients from Jan to Dec 2005 in our hospital was conduced. Results The mann pathogens are Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus etc,the isolation rate of Escherichia coli was high（23.94%）,and so was Fungi, Fungial infection has been the major pathogen of infection of the respiratory tract in count hospitals. Conclusion Hospital infection management and training of medical worker should be improved. Monitoring pathogens, and controlled use of antibiotics are effective measures to hospital infections in small hospitals.