颈动脉体瘤诊断与治疗进展

Recent Developments in Diagnosis and Management of Carotid Body Tumors

颈动脉体瘤属于化学感受器肿瘤,具有家族遗传倾向。颈动脉体瘤的发生与SDH基因的突变有关。多数为良性,恶性率不超过10%,诊断恶性的标准为局部淋巴结或远处转移。应根据仔细的临床检查和特征性影像学结果做出诊断,影像学检查包括B超(多普勒)、CT、MRI/MRA及DSA。DSA检查可作为诊断颈动脉体瘤的金标准。一旦诊断颈动脉体瘤,应积极采取手术治疗。目前,放射治疗亦可作为治疗颈动脉体瘤的有效手段。本文对颈动脉体瘤的诊断及治疗进展作一简要综述。

Carotid body tumors （CBT） are classified as chemoreceptor tumors. There is a familial genetic predisposition, and the occurrence of CBT is related to mutation of the SDH gene. Most of the cases are benign; the rate of malignancy is less than 10%. The criterion for a diagnosis of malignancy is the presence of disease in a regional lymph node or distant metastasis. The diagnosis may be based on the results of careful clinical examination and special imaging techniques, including ultrasound-B examination （color Doppler imaging）, CT and MRI/MRA, as well as DSA. The DSA examination is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of CBT. Active surgical treatment is to be carried out once the diagnosis is made. At present, radiotherapy remains the treatment of choice for patients with carotid body tumor. The purpose of this article is to summarize and review the recent developments in the diagnosis and management of CBT.