低剂量T-2毒素致大鼠肝肾损伤的组织病理及超微结构观察

Investigation on histopathology and ultrastructure damage of rat liver and kidneyinduced by mini-dose T-2 toxin

目的观察低剂量T-2毒素对机体的损伤作用,为将来制定粮食中T-2毒素含量卫生标准奠定理论基础。方法利用大鼠进行短期毒性试验,通过肝脏和肾脏的组织病理及超微结构改变,来观察低剂量T-2毒素对机体重要器官的毒性作用。结果T-2毒素组大鼠肝细胞明显肿胀,胞浆疏松化,部分肝细胞胞浆透明,呈气球样变性;可见较多的点灶状坏死及肝细胞嗜酸性变,局部有较大坏死灶形成;T-2毒素对肾脏的组织病理学损害较轻,仅见个别上皮细胞嗜酸性变和坏死;肝、肾的超微结构可见T-2毒素使肝细胞核固缩,染色质边集,核内有大量脂类物质沉积,内质网脱颗粒,游离核蛋白体减少,线粒体絮状变及缺损,糖原减少明显;肾近曲小管上皮细胞核固缩,细胞器减少,部分线粒体髓样变,肾小球固缩,滤孔膜(足突)消失等。结论10μg/kg·bwT-2毒素在短期内可对大鼠肝、肾组织造成严重损害。

Objective To investigate the damage of organism induced by mini -dose T -2 toxin, and to lay a theory foundation for constituting the standard of T -2 toxin in cereals in the future. Methods A short - term test on rats was carried out, and to study the toxicity of mini - dose T - 2 toxin by observing the histopathological and uhrastructural changes of liver and kidney. Results In T -2 toxin groups, the hepatocytes were obviously edema, cytoplasm of some hepatocytes were transparent, and presented balloon - like degeneration. Many local necrosis and extension necrosis were seen. The damage of kidney was mild, only individual cell degeneration or necrosis was seen. On ultrastructure, hepatocytes were pyknosis, chromatin scattered along the karyotheea, and there were fat sediments in nucleus. Endoplasmic reliculum distended and granules deviated. Mitoehondria were vacuole degeneration and defect, and the quantities of free ribsome and glycogen decreased, The nucleus of kidney proximal tubule cells and renal glomerulus were pyknosis, the quantities of organelles decreased and foot processes disappeared. Conclusions severe damage on liver and kidney of rats could be induced by mini - dose T - 2 toxin of 10μg/kg·bw in short term.