5Smith HJ, Wyke SM, Tisdale MJ. Mechanism of the attenuation of proteolysis - inducing factor stimulated protein degradation in muscle by beta - hydroxy - beta - methylbutyrate. Cancer Res, 2004, 64(23) :8731 - 8735.
6Flakoll P, Sharp R, Baier S, et al. Effect of beta - hydroxy - beta- methylbutyrate, arginine, and lysine supplementation on strength, functionality, body compo - sition, and protein metabolism in elderly women. Nutrition, 2004, 20 (5) : 445 - 451.
7Jowko E, Ostaszewski P, Jank M, et al. Creatine and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) additively increase lean body mass and strength during a weight training program. Nutrition, 2001, 17 : 558 - 566.
8Slater G, Jenkins D, Logan P, et al. Beta - hydroxy - beta - methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation does not affect changes in strength or body composition during resistance training in trained men. Int J Sport Nutr Exere Metab, 2001, 11 (3) : 384 - 396.
9Hoffman JR, Cooper J, Wendell M, et al. Effects of beta - hydroxy beta - methyl butyrate on power performance and indices of muscle damage and stress during high - intensity training. J Strength Cond Res, 2004, 18(4) :747 - 752.
10Nissen S, Panton L, Sharp RL, et al. β - Hydroxy - β - methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation in humans is safe and may decrease cardiovascular risk factors. J Nutr, 2000, 130: 1937 - 1945.
2Van Koevering,M.and Nissen,S.Oxidation of leucing and-ketoisocaproate to-hydroxy-methylbutyrate in vivo[J].Am Physiol,192,262 (Endocrinol.Metab.25):27～31.
3Nissen,S.,van Koevering,M.and Webb,D.Analysis of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate in plasma by gas chrocatography and mass spectrometry[J].Analys Biochem,1990,188:17～19.
4Tischler,M.E,Desautels,M and Goldberg,A.L.Does Leucine,Leucyl-tRNA,or Some Metabolite of Leucine Regulate Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle[J]?J Nutri Bio,1982,257(4):1613～1621
5Frexes,S.M.,Lacy,D.B.and Colling,J.,et al.Role of leucine and other amino acids in regulating protein metabolism in vivo[J].Am J Physiol,1992,262 (Endocrinol.Metab.25):925～935.
6Steinbüchel A.Expression of the Alcaligenes eutrophus poly (hydroxybutyric acid)-synthetic pathway in Pseudomonas sp[J].Arch.Microbiol,1989,153:101～104.
7Nissen,S.,Sharp,R.and Ray,M.Effect of leucing metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on muscle metabolism during resistance-exercise training[J].J Appl Physiol,1996,81(5):2095～2104.
8Kreider,R.B.,Ferreira,M.and Wilson,M.Effects of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate(HMB) supplementation during resistance-training on markers of catabolism,body composition and strength[J].Int J Sports Med,1999 Nov,20(8):503～509.
9Cheng,W.Beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate increases fatty acid oxidation by muscle cells[J].FASEB J,1997,11:A381
10Vukovich,M.D.,Stubbs,N.B.,and Bohlken,R.M.Body Composition in 70-Year-old Adults Responds to Dietary β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate Similarly to That of Young Adults[J].J Nutr 2001,131:2049～2052.
