影响炭质中间相形成和发展的因素——Ⅰ.原料和热缩聚条件

FACTORS OF INFLUENCING THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CARBONACEOUS MESOPHASE:Ⅰ.RAW MATERIALS AND PYROLYSIS CONDITIONS

炭质中间相是制备炭材料,尤其是高附加值炭材料的优质前驱体。它在高性能炭纤维、超高功率电极用针状焦、锂离子二次电池负极、超高比表面积活性炭及催化剂载体、泡沫炭等领域得到了较好的应用。综述了原料和热缩聚条件对炭质中间相形成和发展的影响,这些影响因素包括原料的种类、热缩聚温度、反应压力和保温时间等。通过讨论指出,由于炭质中间相涉及的原料种类多样,热缩聚制备过程中涉及的反应、物相复杂,因此,在制备特定性能的产品时,应针对产品的特定性能要求来选择原料、设定热缩聚条件,以制得具有最佳结构和性能的产品。

Carbonaceous mesophase is an excellent precursor for carbon materials, especially those with high additional value. It has been succesafully applied in the fields of high-performance carbon fiber, needle coke used for ultrahigh power electrode, anode of recbargeable fithiumion batteries, activated carbon with super-high sudace area, catalyst supports and carbon foams, In this paper, the effects of raw materials and pyrolysis conditions including heat -treatment temperature, pressure and time on the formation and development of carbonaceous mesopbase were discussed in detail Since complex constitutes of raw material, various reactions and phases are involved in the process of mesophasc evolutian, we suggest that a given carbonaceous mesophase product should be manufactured by selecting raw materials and pyrocondensation condifiona according to the specific requirement of the product, so that products with the best structure and performance could be obtained.