乡村社会的宗教、实践及其变迁——对赣中S村宗教状况的田野调查

Religion, Practice and Change of Religion in the Rural Society

田野调查资料显示,民间信仰的主体是自古式社会以来一脉相承的萨满教。在乡村社会中,它并不与民间道教和民间佛教纠缠不清,而是具有相对独立性。这进一步证实韦伯、张光直等学者的论断。在当前社会转型时期,随着人对自然的震慑感及人与集体之间的依附感渐趋减弱,较为普遍的一种宗教虔诚感来源于对个人命运的关注所需求的安全感。这使得许多相关宗教仪式、行为进一步民俗化,由宗教形式转变为风俗形式。

According to field research, popular beliefs, like Taoism and Buddhism, are forms of independent religion, and originated from the ancient shaman religion, which further acknowledged the conclusions of Zhang Guangzhi and Max Webber. At present, most of the devout feelings come from the concern over one＇ s own fate, and in this way many relevant religious rituals have been transformed into customs.