印度国大党兴衰的理论思考

Theoretical Thought of the Rise and Fall of India National Congress

印度国大党由独立后长期执政到渐进衰落,多次失去执政地位到东山再起,由兴到衰、由衰而兴,其兴衰沉浮值得我们深思。从政治发展的角度看,国大党成功实现了政治制度化,这对于印度以及国大党自身都是意义非凡的。从政党政治的角度看,一个政党必须根据国情、党情建设党,以保证党的生命力、战斗力和对民众的吸引力。从执政党的角度看,一个执政党必须不断提高执政能力,维护执政合法性。

India National Congress （INC） was party in power for a long time after independence. In 1967, its power was faced with a serious crisis; In 1989, India has entered the political age of multi - party struggles and communal conflicts, INC was on longer the biggest party, which lost power many times. The rise and fall of INC took us a good historic enlightenment. From the point of view of political development, INC has realized the politics systematization successfully, which is important to India and INC. From the point of view of party politics, any party should be constructed according to the condition of the nation and party to guarantee the party＇ s vitality, fighting capacity and authority. From the point of view of the party in power, a ruling party must improve its ruling capacity continuously and maintain the power legitimacy.