不同灌溉处理对小麦蛋白组分和面团流变学特性的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Regimes on Protein Components and Dough Rheology of Wheat

为阐明不同灌溉处理对强筋和弱筋小麦品质的影响，以藁城8901（强筋）和山农1391（弱筋）品种为材料，设3个灌溉处理，于花后7～35d分别测定其籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量、以及粉质仪和拉伸仪参数。结果表明，对于籽粒清蛋白和球蛋白，随灌溉量的增加，藁城8901和山农1391的含量均提高；适量灌溉（浇起身水和孕穗水各75mm）能提高强筋品种籽粒醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量，降低弱筋品种的含龟。藁城8901籽粒谷蛋白、GMP含量、HMW-GS含量、面粉沉淀值、粉质仪参数和拉伸仪参数显著高于山农1391。灌溉能显著提高藁城8901面粉沉淀值、粉质仪参数和拉伸仪参数，山农1391面团流变学特性对灌溉的反应较迟钝，这与不同灌溉处理对不同品种籽粒醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白、GMP和HMW-GS含量的影响密切相关。

Two winter wheat cultivars, GC8901 with strong-gluten and SN1391 with weak-gluten, were employed in the field experiment to investigate the effects of irrigation regimes on grain quality, including protein content, protein component contents, farinograph parameters and extensograph parameters. The results showed that the grain albumin and globulin contents of both cuhivars were enhanced by irrigation. An appropriate amount of irrigation made the contents of gliadin and glutenin enhance in strong-gluten cuhivar GC8901, but decline in weak-gluten wheat SN1391. GC8901 was superior to SN1391 in terms of GMP and HMW-GS contents, flour sedimentation value, farinograph parameters and extensograph parameters. Irrigation improved the flour sedimentation value, farinograph parameters and extensograph parameters in strong-gluten cultivar GC8901, but not in weak-gluten cultivar SN1391, which was closely associated with the influence of irrigation on gliadin, glutenin, GMP and HMW-GS contents in the two cuhivars.