气象、农业干旱指标综述

Overview of meteorological and agricultural drought indices

介绍了以降水量统计特征作为指标和以降水量、气温统计特征作为指标的气象干旱指标,以土壤含水量、作物旱情、作物需水量、供需水比例、作物水分综合统计特征为指标的农业干旱指标。列出气象、农业干旱指标计算公式,介绍计算方法和干旱指标的详细等级标准,并对各指标计算所需统计资料观测、收集的难易程度,各指标的优缺点、适用性及其适用区域范围评述,为干旱的监测、评估、预警和研究提供依据。

Meteorological and agricultural drought indices are main index system to measure and evaluate drought. This paper introduces meteorological drought indices in aspect of precipitation, precipitation and temperature, and agricultural drought indices in aspect of soil water, crop ravages by drought, crop required water, proportion of supply and required water, and crop moisture. Formulas for computing meteorological and agricultural indices are listed, computation method and grade criterion also are introduced. In addition, difficulty degree in collecting data, merit and shortcoming, applicability and suitable area of every index are commented, which provides basis for measuring, evaluating, forecasting and researching drought.