粳稻品种间种子贮藏蛋白多态性分析

Polymorphism in seed storage proteins of different varieties in japonica rice(Oryza sativa L.)

用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对115个不同生态型粳稻品种种子贮藏蛋白多态性进行了分析。根据相对分子质量为65×10^3带的有无，70×10^3、60×10^3、57×10^3、37×10^3-39×10^3、22×10^3-23×10^3、13×10^3、10×10^3带染色的深浅，35×10^3带迁移的速率，及57×10^3位置带的数量这4种蛋白谱带变异，共鉴别出19种蛋白图谱类型。品种间蛋白谱带相似系数范围在0．75～1．00之间，采用类平均法进行聚类分析，在相似系数0．894处明显地可以将供试品种分为3组：第1组为8个高直链淀粉含量的品种；第2组为15个高贮藏蛋白含量的品种；其他92个品种为第3组，占供试品种的80％。除了中熟中粳生态型与高直链淀粉含量组有关联外，依据熟期划分的生态型与依据贮藏蛋白聚类分析划分的组之间没有明确的关联。

One hundred and fifteen varieties in japonica rice （ Oryza sativa L. ） were analyzed for endosperm storage proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） to estimate their polymorphism for the purpose of genetic improving and variety identification. Nineteen types of profile were identified according to presence/absence of 65 ×10^3（Mr ） bands, staining intensity of 70×10^3, 60×10^3, 57 ×10^3, 37 ×10^3-39 ×10^3, 22×10^3、 23×10^3, 13 ×10^3 and 10 ×10^3 bands, migration velocity of 35 ×10^3 band and band number at 57 ×10^3 location. The similarity coefficients ranged from 0.75 to 1.00 among the rice varieties studied, Cluster analysis was carried out by an unweighted-pair group average method with arithmetic mean. Three distinct groups were identified at the similarity coefficient level of 0. 894. The first group included eight varieties with high amylose content, the second group contained fifteen varieties with high protein content, and the third group had the remaining ninety-two varieties, which accounted for 80% of total varieties. Clear relationship between ecotypes distinguished by maturity and groups revealed by cluster analysis was not found in this study. Only the group of high amylose linked with medium-maturity medium japonica ecotype.