《水浒传》的“社会风俗史”意义及其“精神意象”

Significance of "Social Customs" and "Spiritual Image" Reflected in The Water Margin

《水浒传》特殊的“集体累积”成书过程,决定了它是“历史成份”极其稀薄的“英雄传奇”小说,其绾结短篇的特点,使众多“英雄好汉”的出身经历和聚义故事成为这一鸿篇巨制的主体内容。这些主要源于宋元民间“说话”的故事,保留了大量社会生活“原生态”的描写,使《水浒传》在一定程度上具有了“社会风俗史”的意义。在漫长的成书过程中,《水浒传》不仅在叙事艺术上经历了反复锤锻,同时也积淀、凝聚了“近古”以来中国社会广大民众普遍的观念意识和情绪心理,形成了带有时代特征的精神意象。

The ＂collective accumulation＂ of the writing process of The Water Margin makes it into a ＂heroic romance＂ lack of ＂historical elements＂. It possesses the characteristics of the short story, having the stories concerning the origins of the ＂heroes＂ and the Gathering for Justice as the main body. These stories originate from ＂shuohua＂, folk stories of Song Dynasty. The prototypical description of the social life results in the representation of the significance of ＂social customs＂ reflected in the novel. In the accumulating process of this novel, it is refined in its narration, gathering many of the concepts and consciousness of the mass in ＂modem ancient times＂ and forming the spiritual image with characteristics of that era.