中国法律文化视野中的婚姻契约

Marriage Contract in the View of Chinese Legal Culture

从身份到契约,是西方达尔文进化论思想在法学领域的一个重要结论,而中国学者往往毫不怀疑地拿来引用。文章在界定婚姻本质的基础上界定了婚姻契约的二重性,认为“婚姻契约”在中文语境中至少有两个层面的含义:现实的婚姻契约,即作为一种法律文本的婚姻契约,是当事人在缔结婚姻的过程中达成的合意,从而达致的婚姻契约化;观念上的婚姻契约,即作为一种类比意义上的用法,仅仅作为学理分析之用,而现实中的婚姻当事人并不缔结什么契约。在当下中国,观念层面的婚姻契约正在传播之中,而在现实层面上中国人的婚姻关系远非契约关系,因此在中国语境中,婚姻契约并无西方进化论方面的意义。文章的主旨在于揭示婚姻契约观念在当下中国的可欲性。

From identity to contract is an important conclusion of western Darwinian evolution thought in the field of law, but Chinese scholars tend to cite it undoubtedly. On the base of defining the nature of marriage, this paper defines the duality of marriage contract. It is believed that ＂marriage contract＂ in Chinese context has at least two meanings. One is real marriage contract, as a kind of law text, which is the consensus that the interested parties reach in the process of establishing marriage relation and thereby leading to marriage contractualization. The other is marriage contract in concept, as a kind of use in analogy, just for doctrinal analysis while the marriage parties in reality do not conclude contract. In present China, marriage contract in concept level nese context, paper lies in is being spread, but in fact, Chinese marriage relation is far from contract relation. So in Chimarriage contract does not have the significance in western evolutionism aspect. The gist of this the sex revealing of marriage contract concept in present China.