非线性橡胶悬架系统平顺性仿真与试验

Ride comfort simulation and experimental research of nonlinear rubber suspension system

基于橡胶元件非线性力学特性试验和悬架减振性能台架试验,建立了工程自卸车平面八自由度集中质量参数模型,该模型包含了刚度立方非线性和阻尼分段非线性.用龙格库塔法求解八自由度强非线性动力学方程并用试验验证了仿真模型的正确性.仿真分析与试验研究都表明橡胶悬架减振特性仍需进一步的优化设计.通过橡胶悬架参数灵敏度分析,确定了橡胶悬架最合适的优化参数;双参数的仿真研究表明在考虑有效约束条件下能优化得到橡胶悬架的最佳值.该研究为非公路车辆橡胶悬架的优化设计奠定了基础.

To study isolation performance of rubber suspension and improve ride comfort of off-road vehicle, the lumped-mass model of engineering dump truck with eight degrees of freedom is set up on the foundation of rubber components and rubber suspension tests, which includes hardening cubic stiffness and bilinear damping characteristics. The mathematical model is solved by fourth-order Runge-Kutta implicit scheme and validated by test. Both simulation and test results reveal that the stiffness and damping coefficients of rubber suspension need to be optimized to improve ride comfort of whole vehicle. The most suitable optimized parameters are achieved according to sensitivity analysis. Simulation results show that the optimum stiffness and damping values can be obtained when the effective constraints are considered in optimization. This study lays a foundation for the optimization of off-road vehicle rubber suspension.