噪声与高温对化纤企业工人心血管系统影响的研究

Effect of Noise and Heat on the Cardiovascular System of the Workers in Chemical Fiber Enterprises

目的探讨高温和噪声联合作用对职业人群心血管系统的影响。方法选取某化纤企业352名噪声和高温作业人员为观察组,263名同厂非噪声和高温作业人员为对照组,采用现场调查、环境监测和职业性体检的方法进行现场和健康情况的调查。结果观察组和对照组在年龄、性别、工龄等方面均衡性较好。观察组高血压检出率为6.5%,对照组检出率为7.2%,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组心电图异常率(32.7%)明显高于对照组(19.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),主要表现为左室高电压。结论长时间高温和噪声作业可造成心电图的异常改变,但对血压的影响不明显。

[Objective] To explore the effect of noise and heat on the cardiovascular system of the occupational population. [Methods] 352 noise and heat - exposed workers in a chemical fiber enterprise were taken as the observation group and 263 non noise and heat - exposed workers in the same factory were taken as the control group. [ Results ] The observation group and control group showed good balance in age, sex and working period. The detection rates of hypertension in the observation group and the control group were 6.5% and 7.2% respectively, there was no significant difference between the two groups （P〉0.05） ; the abnormal rate of the electrocardiogram of the observation group was 32. 7%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group （ 19. 8% ）, 31the difference was significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the major manifestation was the left ventricle high voltage. [Condusion] Long term heat and noise can result in the abnormal changes of the electrocardiogram, but has no obvious effect on the blood pressure.