流沙河流域不同生态恢复程度下植物群落特征研究

Plant Community Characteristics under Different Ecological Restoration Degrees in Liusha Basin

根据野外调查的数据分析,对流沙河流域干旱河谷不同生态恢复程度下的群落特征进行了研究。调查样方中分布的植物共33科61属66种。在林地中,共有植物24科41属45种。但是不同恢复程度中的物种组成有显著差异:I级恢复程度中有11科17属17种,Ⅱ级恢复程度中有13科21属21种,Ⅲ级恢复程度中有18科27属31种;主要物种为松科、蔷薇科、马桑科、禾本科、菊科植物;物种丰富度依次为Ⅲ级>Ⅱ级>Ⅰ级;生物量的变化特点为对照(0.31t/hm2)<Ⅰ级(5.66t/hm2)<Ⅱ级(200.29t/hm2)<Ⅲ级(307.06t/hm2)。在园地中,共有植物19科37属37种;物种丰富度变化不明显,梨树始终在样方中占主导;生物量的变化:Ⅲ级(217.67t/hm2)>Ⅱ级(72.60t/hm2)>Ⅰ级(39.71t/hm2)>对照(0.21t/hm2);果树产量变化Ⅰ级(31t/hm2)<Ⅱ级(54t/hm2)<Ⅲ级(195t/hm2)。

Based on the field survey data, the vegetation distribution characteristics under different ecological restoration degrees were studied in Liusha Basin. The results showed that there were 66 species, 61 genera and 33 families to compose the plant community in the dry valley. In forest, there were 45 species, 41 genera belonged to 24 families, and th8 dominant species were Pinaceae, Rosaceae, Coriariaceae, Gramineae and Compositae. But the species had distinct difference in different ecological restoration degrees. There were 17 species, 17 genera and 11 families in degree Ⅰ ; 21 species, 21 genera and 13 families in degree Ⅱ ; 31 species , 27 genera and 18 families in degree Ⅲ . The species richness in different ecological restoration degrees was degree Ⅲ 〉 degree Ⅱ 〉 degree Ⅰ. The biomass in degree Ⅰ , degree Ⅱ and degree Ⅲ were 5.66 t/hm^2, 200. 29 t/hm^2 and 307.06 t/hm^2, respectively. In orchard, it had 37 species, 37 genera and 19 families. The dominant species was Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. and the change of species richness was not obvious. The biomass in different ecological restoration degreeswas degree Ⅲ （217.67 t/hm^2） 〉 degree Ⅱ （72.60 t/hm^2） 〉 degree Ⅰ （39.71 t/hm^2） .Meanwhile, the production of fruit was degree Ⅲ （195 t/hm^2） 〉degree Ⅱ （54 t/hm^2） 〉degree Ⅰ （31 t/hm^2） .