服务业和制造业企业法人绩效比较

Performance of China's Service and Manufacturing Industry Enterprises: An Empirical Analysis Based on China's First Economic Census

本文运用累积分布曲线分析经济普查数据发现,服务业和制造业企业法人相比,前者装备一个劳动力所需的资产量更多;前者的财务和经济效益比后者差;进入前者的投资门槛不比后者低。这些经验证据与大量理论和政策分析中的流行认识存在巨大反差。本文的经验发现提醒我们:在目前国情之下,大量资金投入服务业(尤其是生产性服务业和现代服务业)企业的机会成本,大于投入制造业企业的机会成本。所以,服务业发展应该分门别类、实事求是地推进。把发展服务业作为产业结构“升级”和经济增长方式转变重要途径的看法,也需要进一步深入分析。

The empirical analysis based on China＇s economic census data shows that： （i） the asset per worker in service industry enterprises is more than that of manufacturing industry enterprises; （ii） the financial and economic performance of service industry enterprises is worse than manufacturing industry enterprise ; （iii） the entrance threshold of investment of service industry enterprise is not lower than that of manufacturing industry enterprises. Consequently, we argued that China should be more careful in prompting the development of service industry enterprises.