秸秆还田与氮肥耦合对冬小麦光合特性及产量形成的影响

Effects of coupling of straw-return and nitrogen fertilizer on photosynthetic characters and yield of winter wheat

秸秆还田下不同N肥用量的耦合试验研究表明,与单施N肥处理比较,秸秆还田能明显改善冬小麦的光合性能,提高小麦千粒重,进而提高小麦产量。秸秆还田下随施N量增加,小麦各时期光合速率和蒸腾速率显著提高,但当施N量超过225kg/hm2,反而引起光合性能降低。本试验结果表明,秸秆还田下配施N肥主要通过影响每hm2穗数影响产量,以秸秆还田配施N 225kg/hm2的处理为宜。

Effects of the coupling of straw（wheat）-return and different nitrogen amount （four levels）on photosynthetic characters and yield of wheat were studied under field condition. The results show that straw-return can improve photosynthesis of wheat, gets higher thousand-grain weight and grain yield compared to the normal（non-straw） cultivation. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration of wheat of straw-return treatments are enhanced with the increasing of N fertilizer to a certain applied level. But they start to decrease when the nitrogen is applied more than 225kg/hm^2. The coupling of straw-return and N fertilizer application can increase the wheat yield mainly through affecting the number of ears per hectare. The optimal amount of N fertilizer applied to wheat with straw-return is 225kg/hm^2.