英汉语言模态句中否定词的语法位置和语义错位

The Grammatical Placement and the Semantic Misplacement of the Negators in the Modalized Statements of English and Chinese

本文研究英、汉语言模态句中否定词的语法位置和语义错位,旨在说明两个语言的否定词在模态句中都有语义错位,且主要伴随必要性或必然性模态动词,涉及道义模态、参与者外在模态和真值模态。英汉语言模态句中否定词的语义错位与其语法位置无关,但双重否定句却与否定词的语法位置有密切关系。必要性或必然性模态句的双重否定结构在模态逻辑上所出现的不对应现象源于否定词的语义错位。

This paper studies the grammatical placement and the semantic misplacement of the negators in the modalized statements of English and Chinese. It points out that both Chinese ＂bit＂ and English ＂not＂ involve misplacement mainly with necessity modal verbs in deontie, participant-external, and epistemie modality. It also discovers that the grammatical placement has nothing to do with the semantic misplacement, but exerts remarkable effect on the occurrence of the double negative modalized statements. The disagreement between modal logic and the double negative construction of the necessity modals originates in the semantic misplacement.