近年来关于人的本质问题研究述评——兼论究竟如何界定人的本质

Studying commentary on human's essence in the recent period

近年来,人的本质问题研究一直是人学领域的热点问题。学术界进一步挖掘了马克思的思想,包括劳动是人的本质、人的本质是一切社会关系的总和,特别是重点研究了“人的需要即人的本质”的思想。学术界围绕马克思的三个命题,对究竟如何界定人的本质做了一些新的探索,出现了社会本质说、双重本质说、三重本质说、四层结构本质说、“社会性实践”本质说、整体本质说等不同观点。本文的结论是“历史生成”本质说,人的本质可以界定为:人基于某种需要在一定的社会关系中、在所从事的实践活动过程中不断丰富的历史生成物,即为我的、自觉的、社会性的实践活动过程中的生成物。

Recently, the studying on the mater of man＇s essential has been a hotspot of humanics realm. Academia further excavated Marxian thought, it includes the contents of labor is man＇s essence and man＇s essence is the summation of all kind of social relationships, especially emphatically studied about the thought of ＂man＇s need in terms of man＇s essence＂ . Academia centered round Marxian three subjects, took new probes on actually how to define man＇s essence, thereby appeared such different opinions as dissertating on social essence,dual essences.triple essences, four layers structure essences,＂social practice＂ essence and entirety essence and so on. My conclusion is that it attribute to the dissertation on ＂history formation＂, man＇s essence can be defined as： man is historic resultant that bases on some needs and constantly develops in the social relations and in the course of practical activities, namely is a resultant of the course of practical activities that being egoistic, self-motive and sociality.