5年中金黄色葡萄球菌的药敏及分离率变迁分析

Isolation Rate and Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus:Analysis of Its Alteration During Five Years

目的对近5年分离的金黄色葡萄球菌的药敏结果进行回顾性分析,为抗菌药物的正确选用提供依据。方法对近5年来病室自合格痰标本所分离到的金黄色葡萄球菌行常用抗感染药物的敏感性分析,同时研究其在当年的全部分离菌及革兰阳性杆菌中所占的比例,采用美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)2000版标准判断结果。结果金黄色葡萄球菌占总分离菌>16%,占革兰阳性分离菌>70%,动态变化不明显;对大部分临床常用抗菌药物耐药严重,>50%;对亚胺培南、阿米卡星、奈替米星的耐药率较低,未发现耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌。结论金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药仍是严重问题,目前尚未发现耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌。

OBJECTIVE To assay retrospectively the isolation rate and susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus （SAU） in our hospital during five years. METHODS Qualified sputa had been collected by the clinical microbiological laboratory and cultured to identify the SAU, then evaluated its susceptibility to some commonly used antibiotics in clinic. At the same time, the ratio of SAU to all the other isolated pathogenic bacteria and to the Gram-positive bacteria was calculated. The standard criteria were based on 2000 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards of the USA. RESULTS The ratio of SAU to all isolated bacteria was 16%, and to Gram- positive ones was more than 70%. There was no obvious difference among every two isolation rate per year. The resistance rate to the most of commonly used antibiotics was higher than 50%, while the resistance rate to imipenem, amikaein, and netilmiein was very low. And the vaneomyein-resistant SAU was not isolated. CONCLUSIONS The resistance of SAU is still a serious problem and in our lab there is no vaneomyein-resistant strain.