岩石损伤检测技术的研究进展

Developments in Rock Damage Detection Techniques

岩石损伤变量的测定是岩石损伤力学分析研究的基础,岩石损伤理论付诸岩石工程实践必须解决岩石损伤检测的问题。总结当前国内外的岩石损伤检测方法,可将其分为结构分析法和性能测试法,具体包括扫描电镜分析、计算机断层扫描检测、应力应变测试、声波探测、声发射测试以及红外辐射探测等。在采用不同的测试技术时,必须谨慎考虑损伤与相应物理力学描述之间的耦合关系,尽可能使得所定义的描述能真正反映损伤变量的值。具体应用时应该在符合热力学原理的前提下尽可能选择易于测量且利于分析的损伤变量描述形式及相应的检测技术。

Variable measurement of rock damage is the groundwork in study on damage mechanism of rocks and the key issue to bring the rock damage theory into practice in rock engineering. In this paper, measurement techniques currently used at home and abroad are summarized and divided into two categories of structural measurement techniques and feature measurement techniques, including SEM analysis, CT detection, stress-strain measurement, sonic wave detection, acoustic emission monitoring and infrared radiation detection, etc. When selecting a detection technique, the coupled relationship between the damage and the related physical mechanics parameters should be considered carefully so as to make the parameters reflect the damage variable values. And in practical application, it is necessary to select the variable to be easily measured and the suitable measurement techniques in accordance with thermodynamic principles.