基于rDNA ITS序列探讨中国栽培灵芝菌株的亲缘关系

The phylogenetic relationship of cultivated isolates of Ganoderma in China inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences

利用ITS序列分析技术对中国栽培灵芝菌株进行了亲缘关系分析。结果发现中国栽培灵芝菌株分布于5个聚类组,其中树舌亚属、紫芝组的菌株各自聚成一组,灵芝组的菌株分成3组,85·7%灵芝组菌株均聚于同一组,表明树舌亚属、紫芝组和灵芝组间的遗传差异较大,灵芝组内虽然存在着一定的遗传差异,但总体上亲缘关系比较近,遗传多样性并不丰富。聚类结果也表明仅仅根据形态学特征并不能将灵芝属菌株进行有效的分类,利用分子生物学的技术手段对灵芝菌种进行分类是一种更有效的方法。

Nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences have been used to investigate phylogenetic relationships between 34 Ganoderma isolates cultivated in China. Five distinct groups were identified： the subgenus Elfvingia, the sect. Phaeonema, and three groups within the sect. Ganoderma. Most of the Ganoderma isolates （85.7 % ） formed a single group within the sect. Ganoderma. The result indicated clear genetic diversity between the subgenus Elfvingia and the sects Phaeonema and Ganoderma, but a smaller degree of genetic diversity between the three groups placed within the sect. Ganoderma. Analysis of molecular data is a more effective and useful approach for studying the taxonomy of Ganoderma, and for establishing phylogenetic relationships within the genus, compared to methods based on fruiting body morphology.