上海市浦东自来水厂净水工艺对两虫去除效果的研究

Investigation on Removal Effect of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Purification Process in Shanghai Pudong Waterworks

采用免疫磁分离及荧光染色法（EPA1623法）对上海市浦东地区4家自来水厂的原水、出厂水、管网水中贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的分布状况进行了分析，并考察了水厂净水过程中不同操作单元对两虫的去除效果。研究表明：原水中存在贾第鞭毛虫与隐孢子虫，但其密度分别维持在0～8个／10L和0～6个／10L的低水平，而在出厂水与管网水中均未检出两虫；水厂的混凝、沉淀单元对两虫具有明显的去除效果。

The pollution of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in source water, treated water and tap water in transportation pipes was measured and analyzed in four typical water plants in Pudong, Shanghai using the immunomagnetic separation and fluorescence staining technologies. The removal effect of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts by different treatment units in purification process of the waterworks were investigated. The results show that the source water is polluted by Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts with low average density rates of 0 to 8 cysts/10 L and 0 to 6 oocysts/10 L respectively. However, Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts are not detected in treated water from the waterworks and tap water in transportation pipes. In addition, coagulation and sedimentation unit of waterworks can efficiently remove the Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts.