抗体检测在自身免疫溶血性贫血患者中的应用

Application of antibody detection in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

目的探讨自身抗体对自身免疫性溶血性贫血（AIHA）患者不规则抗体检出的影响。方法用戴安娜（Diana）全自动血型仪对23例AIHA患者进行氯喹放散试验检测自身抗体掩盖的不规则抗体，用乙醚放散试验检测自身抗体血型特异性。结果23例患者中间接抗人球试验阳性者17例，氯喹放散后检出不规则抗体4例（抗E2例，抗E，c1例，抗M1例）。自身抗体具有血型特异性者于间接抗人球试验阳性者中检出6例（抗E4例，抗c2例），于间接抗人球试验阴性者中检出1例（抗E）。结论采用氯喹放散试验、乙醚放散试验等检测被自身抗体掩盖的不规则抗体及鉴定自身抗体的血型特异性对AIHA患者安全有效输血具有重要意义。

Objective To explore effluence of alloantibodies on detection of irregular antibodies of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia（AIHA）. Methods The irregular antibodies masked by alloantibodies were detected by using chloroquine elusion test, and the blood group specificity of alloantibodies were identified by ether elusion test. Results 17 were positive in indirect antiglobulin test, after be handled with chloroquine elusion test only 4 were positive（2 cases were anti-E, 1 case was anti-E,c, 1 case was anti-M）. In ether elusion test of detecting blood group specificity of alloantibodies, 6（4 cases were anti-E, 2 cases were anti-c） were positive in the 17 cases which were positive in indirect antiglobulin test, l（anti-E）was positive in another 6 cases which were negative in indirect antiglobulin test. Conclusion Detection of irregular antibodies by chloroquine elusion test and blood group specificity of alloantibodies by ether elusion test was very important for transfusion safety in patients with AIHA.