商贾精神和南宋陆游诗歌创作的新变

The Spirit of Formal Merchants and the New Change about the Poetic Writing by LU You in Southern Song Dynasty

深受南宋时代商贾精神影响的陆游的诗文创作,增添了一些新变的因素:由唐代李白、白居易等人的“悔作商人妇”,到陆游诗中的“宁嫁与商人”,张扬商人妇甘居市民(包括商贾)阶层、反叛封建权势的精神;从中唐刘禹锡、白居易等人的“贾雄则农伤”,到陆游以羡慕之情看待商贾的逐利与享乐;从北宋范仲淹、欧阳修、苏轼等注重内政的弊端到陆游注重外敌的入侵,将重商忧商之意与抗金爱国之情交织在一起,诗风悲壮苍凉,骨气奇高,显示出新的社会价值与审美价值,与洪迈的《夷坚志》等小说相互补充,相得益彰。

The poem and prose written by Lu You was deeply affected by the spirit of formal merchants in the Southern Song Dynasty, which brought new changes to his writing. From Li Bai through Bai Juyi to Lu You, the attitude toward formal merchants had changed from＂ regret getting married with merchants＂ to ＂would rather marry merchants＂. The spirit that women who married merchants would rather live in the civil stratum （including formal merchants＇ stratum） and rebel against the feudal power and influence was manifested in Lu You＇s poems. Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi who lived in the Middle Tang Dynasty thought that ＂business expansion will jeopardize farming＂. But there was admiration in Lu You＇s poems that the formal merchants pursued interests and indulged in material life. And he expressed his opinion about why the businessman and the traveler couldn＇t prosper. From Fan Zhongyan Ou Yangxiu and Su Shi to Lu You, the views in their poems changed from the concentration of flaws in internal affairs to the aggression by enemy. In Lu You＇s poems, he puts the mercantil-ism together with the patriotism, so the poem style was solemn and stirring. Lu You＇s poems unfolded new social and aesthetics values. And they made mutual supplement of Hong Mai＇s Yi Jian Zhi.