昆明南市区地面沉降研究

A case study of land subsidence in southern Kunming downtown area

根据水准测量资料绘制了昆明南市区地面沉降等值线图,说明了区内地面沉降特征。然后对断陷盆地沉降模式进行探讨,阐明了岩溶水抽汲致使第四系土层固结压缩而产生沉降的原因。进而就地面沉降制约因素进行分析,得出了各制约因素的权重,明确指出地下水抽汲是地面沉降的主要诱发因素。最后,着重分析了小板桥沉降漏斗中心的形成机制,完成了极限沉降量估算,并预测了该沉降中心的发展趋势。

Based on observation data form precise leveling survey of the southern Kunming downtown area form 1987 to 1998 and in conjunction with the geological, hydrogeologieal and engineering- geological conditions, mapping of the isograms of land subsidence in the southern Kunming downtown area is done in this paper. Characteristics of the land subsidence are described and the mechanism is also analyzed. Moreover, analytical hierarchy process has been used to evaluate the geological factors or the inducing factors which may influence the land subsidence. The results indicate that the groundwater exploitation is the dominating factor. Finally, this paper presents a concentrative study of the Xiaobanqiao subsidence center. Its utmost subsidence volume is calculated and its development is also predicted.