纳米Fe_3O_4负载的浮游球衣菌去除重金属离子的工艺研究

Study on the Disposal Process for Removing Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater by Composite Biosorbent of Nano Fe_3O_4/Sphaerotilus natans

以纳米Fe3O4负载浮游球衣菌(Sphaerotilus natans)制备复合生物吸附剂,对此吸附剂进行表征并考察了其吸附水中重金属离子的性能.红外光谱分析表明,此复合生物吸附剂表面的主要活性基团为酰胺基(—CONH—)和羟基(—OH).吸附性能研究表明,菌含量和流量是影响复合生物吸附剂吸附重金属离子的主要因素,在Cu2+初始浓度c0<20 mg/L,菌含量1.5 g/L(菌/Fe3O4=3∶2),流量0.96 L/h时吸附剂对Cu2+的吸附效果最好;用稀盐酸对复合生物吸附剂进行再生,吸附剂可重复使用10次以上,再生液可重复使用3次;吸附选择性为:Pb2+>Cu2+>Zn2+>Cd2+.

Composite biosorbent nano Fe3O4/Sphaerotilus natans was prepared when nano Fe3O4 was used as carrier, then the composite biosorbent characterized by infrared instrument and investigated on adsorbing heavy metal ions from wastewater. Infrared spectrum analysis shows that -CONH- and -OH are principal activated groups of composite biosorbent. The experiment of adsorption shows that biomass concentration and flow velocity are main influencing factors. The composite biosorbent has best effect on the adsorption of Cu^2＋ under the conditions of biomass 1.5 g/L（ Sphaerotilus natans/Fe3 O4 = 3：2）, flow velocity 0.96 L/h and initial concentration of Cu^2＋ was less than 20 mg/L. Composite biosorbent can be used for more 10 times when biosorbent was regenerated by HCl solution, and HCI solution can be used 3 times repeatedly. The selective sequence was Pb^2＋ 〉 Cu^2＋ 〉 Zn^2＋ 〉 Cd^2＋ .