壳聚糖制备工艺的研究

Study on Method Improvement of Preparing Chitosan

利用河蟹壳制备壳聚糖的改进工艺,对脱乙酰度、粘均分子量2项主要指标进行测定。经过极差分析找到了最佳工艺条件,即浓度为15%的氢氧化钠100℃脱蛋白1h,浓度为15%的盐酸25℃脱钙4.5h,浓度为45%的氢氧化钠130℃脱乙酰反应3h。在改进工艺条件下,壳聚糖脱乙酰度在85%以上,粘均分子量大于70万,免去氧化脱色阶段,避免在氧化脱色过程中造成壳聚糖的降解,产物色泽呈灰白或肉色,保证了壳聚糖的质量。这表明,利用盘锦河蟹壳制备壳聚糖,从而改进工艺是可行的。

in order to acquire high degree of deacetylation and high viscosity chitosan,the improved method for preparing chitosan from river crab hull in the laboratory was studied in this article. The degree of deacetylation and viscosity average weight of molecular were mensurated and the best condition was found through range analysis, which was taking off protein with 15 % NaOH, lh and 100 degree, taking off calcium with 15 % HC1,4.5 hours and 25 degree, taking off acetyl with 45 % NaOH, 3 hours and 130 degree. The degree of deacetylation was more than 85 %, and the viscosity average weight of molecular was more than 700 000. The decoloring phase and degradation was left out. The color of product was gray or cuticolor. The quality of chitosan was ensured. Results showed that it was possible to prepare chitosan from the crab of Panjin. Key words