建构主义理论对七年制医学英语教学改革的启示

Constructivism enlightens reform of English teaching of 7-year medical education program

建构主义批判地汲取了多种认知学派的教学理论,提出一系列学习和教学的新理念。建构主义学习理论认为:教学以学生为中心,教师是导向者和促进者;认知是学习者以主体已有的图式为基础的主动建构;知识的建构必须在一定的情境中发生;学习既是个体建构过程,也是社会建构过程,协作性学习对知识和意义的建构至关重要。该理论对当今外语教学的理论与实践极具现实指导意义,更为以培养高层次医学人才为目标的长学制医学英语教学的改革提供了许多重要的启示。基于建构主义的教学理念,七年制医学英语教学改革应该着眼于“高层次”,突出应用型和实践性的特点;在教学过程中,发挥学生的主体作用,创设有利的学习情境,确立明确的学习目标,提高英语教学的有效性。

Constructivism, with critical assimilation of various teaching theories of the cognitive schools, has advanced a series of new ideas of learning and teaching, proposing that teaching is basically student-centered, cognition is the learner＇s active construction of knowledge based on his own existing schema, learning and cognition are fundamentally situated, and collaborative learning is of significant value to knowledge construction. The basic principles of constructival learning theory have positively influenced the teaching of foreign languages and particularly enlightened the reform of English teaching of the 7-year medical education program. According to the constructival approaches to teaching, it is of vital importance for English teachers of this program to adhere to student-centeredness, embed learning in virtual situations and establish definite learning objectives, so as to achieve the goal of the medical-elite-oriented program.