桔梗小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的细胞化学研究

THE CYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON MICROSPOROGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF MALE GAMETOPHYTE IN PLATYCODON GRANDIFLORUS A.DC

本文对桔梗（ＰｌａｔｙｃｏｄｏｎｇｒａｎｄｉｆｏｒｕｓＡＤＣ）小孢子发生和雄配子体发育过程进行了多糖和脂类物质的细胞化学研究，结果如下：１．药壁表皮和药室内壁在发育初期有少量脂类和多糖颗粒积累，后期消失．２．药壁中层细胞在次生造抱时期到中期Ｉ，贮存丰富的脂滴，随后，脂滴舍量递减到无．３．绒毡层细胞中的脂类颗粒，自小孢子时期到二细胞花粉期体积不断增大并彼此融合，最终成为单一个体．４．小孢子母细胞和小孢子中的多糖颗粒，在终交期至单核小孢子时期呈极性分布，而脂类颗粒多是随机分布，仅在中期Ⅱ种末期Ⅱ定向分布．５．成熟的二细胞花粉中营养细胞细胞质对多糖和脂类的积累达极限，生殖细胞中只贮存极少的多糖颗粒．６．减数分裂中，小孢子母细胞的细胞壁始终呈ＰＡＳ阳极反应；生殖细胞壁一直存在，并被ＰＡＳ反应染成红色．我们认为：绒毡层细胞不但具有对脂类物质的吸收、贮存和转运作用，还可能具有将脂类转变成糖类的作用．

The changes of polysaccharides and lipids during microsporogenesis and developynent of male gametophyte were studied using cytochemical methods on the light microscope level. The main results are as follows: 1.A few lipid and polysaccharide granules appear in epidermis and endothecium at the beginning of their development, disappear at fater stage. 2.The middle layer accumulates abundant lipid granules from the stage of secondary sporogenous cell to metaphase I and then the number of lipid granules das succesively to zero. 3 Lipid granules in tapetal Cells fuse with an other at the same time when they iner their volume and form a single one finally. 4 Polpochride granules in amicrosporoeq and microspore exhibite polar distribtion from diakinesis to the stage of microspore. Lipid granules distribute at random mest of the and show directional distribution at metaphase Ⅱ and anaphase Ⅱ only. 5 In a mature pollen gum, polysaccharides and lipids reserved in vegetative Cell increase to maxium, whereas few. polysaccharide granules are sloed in generative ed 6.Cell walls of microsporcyte show PAS -positivenase during meiosis. The wall of generative Cell existed all the the is stainned red by PAS method. The results suggest that the tapetal Cells not only are of the asorption, store and transportion of lipids, but may transform lipids intO polysaccharides.