上海引种的7种棕榈科植物冻害状况分析

Investigation of freezing injury on seven introduced palm species in Shanghai

2004年12月至2005年2月,对上海近年引进的7种棕榈科Palmae植物受冻情况进行调查分析。结果表明,所有引进的棕榈科植物均有冻害发生,不同种类间的冻害程度具有一定差异。根据拟定的冻害分级标准,布迪椰子Butia capitata,蒲葵Livistona chinensis耐寒性较强,其次为加拿利海枣Phoenix canariensis,枣椰子P.dactylifera,银海枣P.sylvestris,华盛顿棕榈Washingtonia filifera,而针葵P.roebelenii耐寒性较弱。进一步调查分析了相关环境因子和栽培措施如种植位置、植物群落结构和防冻措施等对棕榈植物抗冻性的影响。上海地区不宜大规模引进南方棕榈科植物。

The freezing injury of seven introduced palm species in Shanghai were investigated and analyzed in the winter of 2004. The result indicated that all of palm plants had obvious freezing injury, but there were some differences in different species. According to the grades of freezing injury drawn up, Butia capitata and Livistona chinensis were relatively high endurance to cold stress, Phoenix canariensis, P. dactylifera, P sylvestris and Washingtonia filifera were low resistant to cold stress, and P. roebelenii is the weakest. The effects of correlated environmental factors, such as planting position, plant community structure and cold resistant measures on cold resistance of the species were analyzed. So it is resulted that the introduction of palm plants on a large scale into Shanghai is not suitable.