缓释尿素氮肥在玉米苗期的养分释放特点

Characteristics of releasing nutrition for slow urea nitrogen fertilizers at maize seedling stage

采用盆栽试验，模拟田间生态环境，研究施用不同种缓释氮素肥料玉米苗期上壤的尿素态氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量。结果表明，施用硝化和脲酶抑制剂（DCD/NPBT）涂层尿素肥料的尿素态氮含量最高，为14．37mg／kg，延缓尿素转化效果明显；施用醋酸酯淀粉包膜尿素肥料，硝态氮含量最高，为102．08mg／kg。2种膜材料包膜硝化抑制剂（DCD）涂层尿素、包膜DCD／NPBT涂层尿素肥料的铵态氮含量都很高，在56．38～60．22mg／kg之间，而硝态氮含量都很低，DCD／NPBT涂层尿索肥料的硝态氮含量也很低，在28．0mg/kg左右。包膜抑制剂涂层尿素肥料对氮素养分的缓释效果优于只包膜尿素，包膜涂层2种抑制剂优于一种抑制剂，涂层2种抑制剂优于只涂层一种抑制剂；丙烯酸树脂包膜肥料的缓释性能强于醋酸酯淀粉包膜。

The study was conducted by pot culture condition under field ecological environment. The amount of urea, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen of slow/controlled release nitrogen fertilizers was monitored at the maize seedling stage. The result slowed that amount of soft urea nitrogen by fertilizing dieyandiamde （DCD） and N - （n- butyl） thiophosphric triamide （NBPT） - amend- ed urea was the highest in all fertilizers, for 14.37 mg/kg, and the effect for slowing urea nitrogen change was significant difference. The amount of soil nitrate nitrogen by fertilizing urea coated by the starch aeetote was the highest, for 102.08 mg/kg. The amount of soil arranonium nitrogen fertilizing DCD, DCD/NBPT- amended urea eoated by two material film was more high, for 56.38-60.22 mg/kg. Nitrate nitrogen was less, about 28.0 mg/kg, and so was DCD/NBPT- amended urea. The function of slowing release nitrogen from coating film urea combined inhibitor was better than urea only coated film＇s, DCD/NBPT- amended urea coated film better than DCD, and DCD/NBPT- amended urea better than DCD. The action of slowing urea nitrogen release from the methyl methacrylate was more valid than the starch acetate＇s.