核辐射效应对炸药分解影响的模拟

Simulation of the Effect of Radiation on Explosive Decomposition

利用MCNP程序对核模型内部的中子和γ两种辐射效应进行了计算,并深入分析了射线导致炸药分解的过程,认为射线通过激发产生的大量高能次级电子可导致炸药内部的分子键断裂而分解。为了简化计算,文中提出了四条假设(1)射线对炸药的作用主要是使其分子键断裂;(2)射线主要使炸药发生第一级分解反应;(3)炸药分解是匀速的;(4)射线在炸药中的能量沉积全部使炸药分解。通过这四条假设以及文中对辐射强度的适当放大,得到了一个放大了的分解速率。计算结果表明,炸药的分解速率不大于10-9mol·a-1,因此,认为核辐射效应对炸药分解的影响虽可以忽略不计,但辐射效应会导致弹头升温可能会间接地对炸药热分解产生重要影响。

MCNP program was used to simulate the radiation in the nuclear warhead model and calculate the effect of neutron and y rays on the explosive decomposition. High energy secondary electrons activated by the rays made the molecular bond of the explosive broken and decomposed. To calculate concisely, four hypothese were given （ 1 ） the result from the action of rays causes the break of the explosive molecular bond; （2） the rays make the explosive decomposed in first order mainly; （3） the speed of explosive decomposition is uniform; （4） the total energy of which the rays left in the explosive makes the explosive decomposed. Through the four hypotheses and the amplifier of radiation intensity,a larger decomposition velocity was obtained. The results show that the decomposition velocity is not more than 10^9mol·a^-1 and the explosive decomposition caused by the radiation of nuclear warhead can be neglected, but the radiation affection can make the warhead warm and then affect the explosive decomposition.