杭州北郊两个文化遗址的孢粉分析与先人生活环境研究

A Study on Spore-pollen Assemblages and Human Activity Environment from Liangzhu and Meiyuan Ruins in Hangzhou Suburb

杭州北郊良渚和梅园里两个文化遗址的孢粉分析表明,马家滨文化期为南亚热带常绿阔叶林,良渚文化早期为中亚热带常绿阔叶林,良渚文化晚期为北亚热带常绿阔叶与落叶阔叶混交林,宋代文化层的情况与良渚文化晚期类似。孢粉—气候对应分析揭示良渚文化早期及以前为温暖潮湿气候,良渚文化晚期及以后为温和略干气候,并定时地估算了不同时期的气温和降水值。研究表明,当时的自然景观主要为湖河平原,人类生活于林草茂盛的湖滨坡岗之地。

A spore-pollen analysis was carried out from Liangzhu and Meiyuanli cultural ruins in the northern suburb of Hangzhou city. Paleovegetation and paleoenvironment were reconstructed according to the spore-pollen assemblages and paleoclimate was estimated by correspondance analysis. In Majiabang culture period, there was a evergreen broaded -leaf forest of south subtropics and a heat-humid climate. It was evident that the environmental features were quite diffirent in the early stage of Liangzhu culture period from that in the late stage. Vegetation and climate in the earoy stage was similar to that in Majiabang period and there was a evergreen and deciduous broaded -leaf forest and a warm -wet eliminate in the late stage. The research showed that ancient man lived on hillocks and slopes about lakes, around which there were thriving forest and grassland. Environment chage deeply influenced human activity, especially agriculture production.