隐私权本质的解析与界定——隐私权的法哲学反思

On the Nature of the Right of Privacy:——From the Prospective of Jurisprudence

对隐私权的本质,独处权理论、亲密关系自治理论与隐私领域理论、一般人格权理论、信息自由和控制理论、角度理论与自我表现理论、限制接触与沟通理论等不同的学说有着不同视角的解读,至今并未出现所谓通说或是能够完整地说明本质的全面见解。权利的本质在于利益,隐私权的本质则在于通过对自我向他人封闭或开放程度之状态的控制实现其独特的人格利益———独处欲望和情感的满足,而这种隐私利益更深层次地来自于人性的基本需要,特别是自我实现的需要。

On the nature of the right of privacy, different theories have understanding from different perspectives, such as ＂fight to be alone＂, ＂intimacy＂ or ＂spharentheorie＂, ＂right of personhood＂, ＂freedom or control of information＂, ＂roUentheorie＂, ＂access＂, and so on. The nature of the right lies in interests. So the nature of the right to privacy lies in unique personality interests： to satisfy the desire to be alone. This kind of interest comes from the basic need of human nature, especially the need for self - fulfillment.