清代公文制度考略

The Official Document System in Qing Dynasty

清代公文制度的内容,涉及文体运用、写作态度、抬头、避讳、缮写、用印、装订等撰写制度,进本时间、驿递规定、时限要求、递交方式、电信应用等传递制度,题本票签,限期办文、发抄遵行等收办制度,六科封驳、稽察注销、收贮存档等封置制度,以及涉及公文处理全过程的保密制度等。清代公文制度是在明代公文处理制度的基础上建立起来的,保持了明代公文处理的基本精神,但它较明代更为繁琐和严格。清代公文制度体现了封建社会公文制度的最后辉煌。

The contents of official document system in Qing dynasty involved the writing system about style, writing attitudes, highing blank, taboo on using the names of emperors, copying, using the seal, and binding, the delivery system about the time of presenting official documents, stipulaions of sending station, time limits, delivery ways, and the application of telecommunication, the system of receiving and handling about a promissory note label, deadline of handling documents, delivering, copying and carrying out, the system of sealing up about reviewing of six section rooms, auditoring and logging off, accepting and filing, the system of security involving the whole process. The official document system in Qing dynasty was based on the official document system in Ming dynasty. It kept the basic spirit of the processing of official document in Ming dynasty,but it is more tedious and stricter than the system in Ming dynasty. It embodied the last brilliancy of the official document system in the feudalistic society.