新疆水土流失对农牧业的危害及防治对策

HARMS CAUSED BY SOIL GROSION AND TREATMENTS AGAINST THEM IN XINJIANG

新疆山地坡残积层分布广泛，平原第四系堆积发育；降水集中于山地，夏季暴雨频发；暴雨、融雪洪流往往造成严重水土流失。水土流失对农牧业造成的直接经济损失，表现在土壤肥力下降、农牧业减产成收。为防治水土流失，一要封山育林，提高植被覆盖度，提高环境质量；二要修建必要的防护工程，拦洪蓄水，实施保持水土的总体布署。

In Xinjiang,the slope taluses and eluvium are widely spread and heavy rains occur frequently in summer.The find water caused by heavy rain or snow thawing often bring about serious soil erosion which reduce the fertility of land and decrease the crop products.In order to prevent from soil erosion the first thing should be closing hillside to facilitate afforestation so as to increase the vegetation covered area and improve the environmental quality; the second thing should be constructing necessary protective work to impound flood water.