惠特曼自然观初探——从生态批评的角度解读《自我之歌》

WALT WHITMAN'S VIEW OF NATURE-AN ECOCRITICISM OF SONG OF MYSELF

作为一个对时代有着极强责任感的诗人,惠特曼诗歌中所体现的生态思想不容忽略。他以大地为父,海洋为母,并自诩为天地间一颗草叶。人作为天地间的一员,与万物等同,共同构成了整个生态网络。他继承和发扬了同时代的人文生态精神,热爱自然,亲近自然,尊自然为师,并倡导卢梭"返回自然"的思想,歌颂人类的自然状态,赞美劳动人民朴实自然的天性以及他们的户外生活。

As a representative of romanticism, Walt Whitman develops his contemporary poets＇ view of nature. He respects the earth as Father and the ocean as Mother and compares himself to a blade of grass. Human, in his view, is equal of all the other living beings in the world and they form a unified ecological system. He advocates Rousseau＇ s ＂regression to nature＂ and sings for a simple and wild life. This paper discusses the theme of ecology permeated in Whitman＇ s Song of Myself and the significance of the harmony between Man and Nature in an attempt to enhance the environmental awareness of the public.