稳定氯同位素在地球科学研究中的进展

Advances in Geosciences of Chlorine Stable Isotope

本世纪初到八十年代中期由于氯同位素的测试精度很低（＞１．０‰）导致氯同位素地球科学研究未获得任何进展。１９８４年Ｋａｕｆｍａｎｎ等人建立测试精度高达±０．２４‰的方法，并且首次发现了氯同位素在自然界的变异。在此以后氯同位素的测试精度不断提高，各国学者相继对海水、温泉、火山湖水、油田卤水、地下水盐湖、冰雪、环太平洋的斑岩铜矿和美国密西西比型铅锌矿床造岩矿物和造矿矿物流质包裹体中氯同位素进行了测定并对其中氯同位素的分布规律做了比较深入的研究。在此基础上对各类水体及矿床的成因与物质来源进行了有益的探索，另外还以自然界氯同位素产生分馏的原因及机理做了初步的研究。

Becase of low analytical precision of chlorine stable isotope (>1.0%, ), the study of chlorine stable isotope in geosciences hadn' t made any progress from the beginning of this century to the middle of 1980' s. In 1984 Kaufmann et al built high-precision (0/24%,)analytical method of chlorine stable isotope, and first found the variance of chlorine stable isotope in nature. Analytical precision of chlorine stable isotope has been enhanced since then, one after another, scientists have determined and studied distributional characteristics of chlorine stable isotope in sea waters, hot springs, volcanical lake waters, oil field waters, underground waters, salt lake waters, ice and snow in the Antarctic, liquid inClusion in minerals of the porphyry copper deposits around the Pacific Ocean and Mississippi Valley-type Ph-Zn deposits in United States. The origin and material sources of various waters and deposits were explored in accordance with abovementioned study, in addition, the causes and mechanism of fractionation of chlorine stable isotope in nature were discussed preliminarily.