1960年代中期美台关于联合国中国代表权问题的合作与分歧之研究

A Study about the Cooperation and Conflict between the U.S. and Taiwan on the Issue of Chinese Representation in the UN during the mid 1960s

本文拟利用最新解密的美国政府档案,论述1960年代上中期美国政府与台湾国民党在联合国中国代表权问题上的合作与分歧。国际形势的发展使得约翰逊政府不得不在中国代表权问题采取新的手段,而国民党却希望美国能够继续以“重要问题案”在联合国内维持“纳蒋排共”的旧局面。在种种因素的影响下,约翰逊政府决定支持具有“两个中国”意味的“研究委员会”的决议案,作为防止其政策失败的主要手段,并迫使国民党接受。与此同时,美台双方为了保住国民党在联合国的席位,还通过PL480为国民党在非洲加大“援助外交”提供财政资助,暂时维持着美台在中国代表权问题上的合作。

Based on the newly declassified U.S. documents, this study tries to analyze the cooperation and conflict between the U.S. government and Guomindang on the issue of Chinese Representation in the UN during the mid-1960s. After much deliberation and argument, the Johnson administration decided to support the resolution of setting up the “Study Committee” in the UN to deal with the Chinese Representation problem. This was a great retreat from the Guomindang's claim that it was the only legal Chinese government in the world, but under pressure, leaders of Taiwan had to make compromise in the end.