中国农业支持政策效应评估

The Evaluation of the Effects of Agricultural Support Policies in China

运用OECD的政策矩阵评估模型计算了市场价格支持和直接支付两种支持政策对我国农业的政策效应。分析结果表明,两者对生产、贸易和价格的影响相差不大;但市场价格支持政策的政策成本则由纳税人和消费者共同承担,消费者剩余有所减少;而直接支付政策的绝大部分成本由纳税人承担,消费者剩余明显增加。显然,直接支付政策造成了较小的社会福利损失,更符合我国目前的国情,对解决“三农”问题更加有效。

By using policy matrix evaluation models developed by the OECD, this paper evaluates the effects of different China agricultural support policies. The results of the evaluation show that they have similar effects on production, trade and price. But the policy of market price support whose costs are shouldered by taxpayers and consumers, decreases the consumer surplus. While the policy of direct payment whose costs are mostly shouldered by taxpayer, increases the consumer surplus. Obviously, the policy of direct payment which leads less loss of the social welfare is better to solve the issues among agriculture ,peasants and rural areas.