斜向和多向不规则波在斜坡堤上的平均越浪量的试验研究

Experimental study on mean overtopping discharge of sloping seawall under oblique and multidirectional irregular waves

通过三维物理模型试验研究了在斜坡堤上斜向和多向不规则波在非破碎条件下的平均越浪量与波浪参数及堤参数的关系．着重考察了波浪以小角度（0°～30°）斜向入射时平均越浪量的变化情况，肯定了多向波的越浪量在这一范围内有所谓“小角度斜向增加”的现象，但否定了单向波也具有这一现象．在考察波浪的方向分布影响时发现波浪斜向入射时多向波的越浪量往往要比单向波的大．比较了已有的相关研究成果，给出了适用于混凝土护面和扭工字块体护面斜坡堤上斜向和多向不规则波的平均越浪量的估算公式．

On the basis of three-dimensional physical model tests the relations among the wave overtopping of sloping breakwater under oblique and multidirectional irregular nonbreaking waves and some influencing factors involved in an incident wave and breakwater were investigated. By paying special attention to the effect of obliquity of incident wave on overtopping the phenomena so-called ＂increasing at small degrees of obliquity＂ have been found for the multidirectional waves but not for the unidirectional waves. It is found that the wave overtopping of multidirectional waves is larger than that of the unidirectional waves if the incident wave is oblique. After comparing the test results with existent formulae, a formula suitable for estimating the overtopping of concrete and block armor sloping structures under oblique and multidirectional irregular waves is presented.