对我国“奥运争光计划”的多维审视

A multi-dimensional analysis of Chinese Olympic Gold Medal Winning Program

运用文献资料和比较研究等方法,对我国两期“奥运争光计划”的出台动因、目标措施、历史功绩和存在问题进行了分析和解读。“奥运争光计划”的历史功绩主要表现在保持了我国竞技体育在奥运会上的成绩持续增长、促进了我国竞技体育项目的发展、为将社会公益金注入竞技体育发展提供了较充分的理由、增强了国民的民族认同感4个方面。“奥运争光计划”在颁布和实施过程中也助长了“奥运战略”向“金牌战略”的蜕变,催生了竞技体育发展中狭隘的“金牌主义”,阻碍了竞技体育自身“造血”机制的形成。从发挥竞技体育本身应有的社会价值来说,“奥运争光计划”在实施中还需要新思路,即坚定不移地走社会化发展之路,让俱乐部为国家队工作。

Adopting literature study and comparative research, this paper analyzes the reasons, objective, achievements and problems of the issuing of the Chinese Olympic Gold Medal Winning Program. The historical achievements of this program are mainly manifested in the performances of the players at the Olympic Games, the improvement of the Chinese athletic sports events, the investment of more social benefits into the athletic sports development, and the better recognition of the Chinese people of the national spirit. Problems in executing this program show that the Olympic strategy has become Olympic gold meal strategy,so that athletic sports are just for winning gold medals. Consequently, the athletic sports are in lack of reasonable mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to insist on the socialized development of sports and let the sports clubs work for the national teams.