现代运动心理技能训练研究现状及未来走向

Research state and development of modern mental skill training in sports

心理技能训练是运动员科学训练不可缺少的一个重要组成部分。目前,心理技能训练研究主要集中于其有效性、训练方法上。心理技能训练存在的主要问题是缺乏明确的理论导向,训练效果评价的效度不够,未能充分重视教练和运动员的心理技能训练等。未来的研究方向是完善心理技能训练方法,突破评价心理技能训练有效性的传统方式,检验训练效果的保持和迁移,进行跨文化与本土化研究。

Mental skill training is an important component of the scientific training of sports. At present, mental skill training researches mainly lie in the validity and training methods. There are not definite theories, the training effect evaluation is not satisfactory, the mental skill training of the coaches and the athletes are not taken into consideration. Therefore, the methods of the mental skill training should be improved and the traditional methods evaluating the effectiveness of the mental skill training should be adapted so that the maintenance and transferring of the effects can be checked and more researches can be done as to the crosscultural and local cultural studies.