低拷贝核基因在异源多倍体植物中的进化与表达

The evolution and expression of low-copy nuclear genes in allopoly-ploid plants

异源多倍体植物在自然界中广泛分布。在这类植物谱系中,低拷贝核基因具有特殊的进化特点和丰富的植物系统发生信息,在转录水平存在基因沉默、基因激活和不均等表达等特点。以低拷贝核基因为主线,概述了其在多倍体植物系统发生中的应用和相关注意事项,并对其在多倍体植物中的表达变化及其分子机制进行了探讨,系统地介绍了国际上相关领域的研究成果和最新动向。

Allopolyploid plants have a wide distribution in the nature. The low-copy nuclear genes with special evolution characteristics and abundant phylogenetic information in polyploidy plant lineage show gene silencing, gene activation, and unequal expression in transcript level. In present review, focusing on the low-copy nuclear genes, we summarize the application of these genes in the phylogenetic reconstruction of allopolyploid plants and bring forward some critical issues in this field. In addition, we discuss the preliminary mechanisms of expression changes of these genes in polyploid plants, and introduce the progress and latest development in this field.