威尔逊的规制政治理论述评

Wilson's Political Theory of Regulation

20世纪80年代,美国学者詹姆斯.威尔逊对经济学界的规制理论,尤其是对规制俘虏理论的普适性提出了质疑。为了弥补经济理论的不足,威尔逊以规制成本与收益的分布为主要依据,将规制政治分为四种类型,并提出了影响规制过程的内外变量。威尔逊认为,在规制研究中经济利益和理念都是不可或缺的变量,因为它们都会直接影响规制政策的形成。威尔逊的规制政治理论为解释多种规制政策的形成提供了有效的分析工具,但其理论中的制度制约等部分内容有待进一步补充和完善。

In 1980s＇, James Q. Wilson, a professor at Harvard University, criticized the economic theories of regulation, especially the universality of the capture theory of regulation. Based on a cost-benefit analysis, Wilson categorized regulation politics into four types and raised some internal and external variables that impact the policy-making process so as to cover the shortage of the economic theories of regulation. Wilson held that, given that they have a direct influence on policy-making, economic interests and ideas are indispensable variables in the research on regulation. Wilson＂ theory of regulation politics provided an effective analytical tool for regulation policy-making, but there are still some room for improvement in the part of institutional constraints of his theory.