后形而上学与后现代主义

Post-metaphysics and Post-modernism

“现代性”以“元叙事”为其特征,后现代性是对元叙事的颠覆。“客观化假定”和“决定论假定”是现代性的两个最基本的哲学原理,黑格尔哲学的叙事是现代性的典型叙事。尼采以一种既“野蛮”又“学术”的方式,通过对真理信念和禁欲理想的谱系考察,拨去了长久以来笼罩在现代思想上的神圣光圈。海德格尔通过对西方形而上学的内在摧毁,将尼采审美理想实现的契机成功地从神话学领域转移至哲学领域。这一切表明,尼采、海德格尔及其后继者力图建构的,是一种新形态的形而上学。由这种形而上学支撑的社会思潮,就叫作后现代主义。

This paper attempts to make an outline analysis of philosophical basis of post-modernism after Nietzsche. While modernity is characterized by meta-narrative, post-modernity subverts meta-narrative. ＂Objective assumption＂ and ＂deterministic assumption＂ are the two fundamentals of philosophy of modernity. Hegel＇s philosophical narrative is a typical one of modernity. By making a genealogical investigation on the conviction of truth and the ideal of abstinence, Nietzsche eradicated the holy halo in which modern thought was shrouded long by the ＂barharous＂ and ＂academic＂ way. By radically destroying western metaphysics, Heidegger succeeded in transferring the opportunity of realizing Nietzsche＇s aesthetic ideal from the field of mythology to the field of philosophy. All this showed that Nietzsche, Heidegger, and their successors attempted to construct a new kind of metaphysics that post-modernism was underpinned. This paper intends to make a connection between this＇new kind of metaphysics and post- modernism, which dates back to the theoretical characteristics of ancient Greek philosophy.