湿地生态系统土壤氮素矿化过程研究动态

Soil Nitrogen Mineralization Process in Wetland Ecosystem∶a Review

土壤氮素的矿化过程与土壤供氮能力及氮素损失密切相关,其对于氮素生物地球化学过程的生态意义重大。本文综述了当前湿地土壤氮素矿化过程的研究方法、模型表征以及影响因素的研究动态。氮素矿化过程的研究主要集中在净矿化作用方面,而其研究模型又主要包括矿化动力学模型、热力学模型和环境效应模型。影响湿地土壤氮素矿化过程的因素主要包括湿地气候条件、水文条件、土壤理化性质、枯落物性质、土壤生物区系及人类活动等。今后研究的重点应包括:(1)氮素矿化过程的驱动机制与驱动因素;(2)概念模型与应用模型的表征;(3)全球变暖、降水改变以及人为碳、氮输入对矿化过程的影响;(4)人类活动在湿地土壤氮素矿化过程中的作用。

Nitrogen mineralization process in soil is closely correlated with soil N supplying capability and the loss of nitrogen to the environment, thus, it has great ecological the biogeochemical implications. This paper summarized the research progress in methodology, modeling and affecting factors. The current studies of soil nitrogen mineralization process mainly focus on net mineralization,ineludinge mainly mineralization kinetics model, thermodynamics model and environmental effect model. The factors that affect the nitrogen mineralization process mainly include wetland climatic condition,hydrographic condition, soil physical and chemical properties, litter properties, soil biota and human activities etc. Eventhough, further study is still Leeded, （ 1 ） representation of conception and application models, （ 2 ） effects of global wanning, and （ 3 ） influences of human activities.