论“释奠礼”与唐代文化权威的构建

On the Ritual of Shi Dian and the Construction of the Culture Authority of the Tang Dynasty

“释奠礼”是中国古代学礼制度的核心内容,唐代是其最终定型的阶段,此后“文庙”释奠成为中国传统文化的标志,其影响及于东亚诸国。何以始自先秦的“释奠礼”至唐朝方才定型?在众多先秦汉魏古礼之中,为什么“释奠礼”可以成为文化传统的标志?选择先圣、普及孔庙、推崇释奠、完善仪轨是唐朝文化权威构建系统工程中的有机组成部分,更是主体架构和核心内容。正因如此,“释奠礼”定型于唐,随后成为古代中国礼制史上最为隆重的盛典。

The ritual of Shi Dian （释莫）is the core of ancient Chinese educational rituals, and was finally established in the Tang Dynasty. Ever since then, has become the symbol of traditional Chinese culture, antl rippled over eastern Asian countries. The activities of choosing the saints ,building up Confucius Temples ,praising Shi Dian rituals and perfecting the rituals are not only the integral part of the cultural authority of the Tang Dynasty, but also the core in the ritual context. Therefore, the Shi Dian ritual, which was established in the Tang Dynasty, has become the most important ceremonial activity in the history of ancient Chinese rituals.