热阻、热漏和内不可逆性对制冷机性能的影响

THE EFFECTS OF HEAT RESISTANCE, HEAT LEAK, AND INTERNAL IRREVERSIBILITY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE REFRIGERATION PLANTS

在考虑工质与热源间热阻损失的内可逆卡诺制冷机模型基础上，用一常数项表示热漏损失，用另一常系数项表示循环中除热阻和热漏外的其余内不可逆性（如摩擦、涡流和非平衡效应等）．建立了一个新的不可逆制冷机模型，导出了其最佳制冷率与制冷系数间的优化关系和最大制冷系数及其相应的制冷率．分析了热阻、热漏和内不可逆性对循环特性的影响．

On the basis of the endoreversible refrigeration cycle model which considers only the irreversibility of heat resistance between working fluid and heat reservoirs, this paper presents a new irreversible refrigerator model by add a constant parameter to represent the loss of heat leak, and a constant coefficient to represent the internal irreversibilities, such as friction, turbulence, nonequilibrium and so on. The relation between the optimal rate of refrigeration(ROR) and the coefficient of performance (COP) of the model is derived, the maximum COP and the corresponding ROR are obtained, and the effects of heat resistance, heat leak and internal irreversibility on the performance of the refrigeration plant are analysed.